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In Ruby, Everything is Evaluated

Jul 10th, 2016 | [7]Comments

So if i write

1 def hello
2   puts 'world'
3 end

It will evaluate def, to which Ruby will “create a method named hello in global
scope, with puts ‘world’ as a block”. We can change “global scope” to any
object we want.

1 class Greeting
2   def hello
3     puts 'world'
4   end
5 end

The class “Greeting” is actually EVALUATED, NOT DEFINED (e.g. In Java, after we
define a signature of a class/method, we can’t change it, except using
reflection). So actually, we can put anything in “Greeting” block, like

1 class Greeting
2   puts "Will define hello in greeting"
3   def hello
4     puts 'world'
5   end
6 end

Save above script as “test.rb” (or anything) and try to run it. It will show
“Will define hello in greeting” EVEN you don’t call “Greeting” class or “hello”
class or you don’t even need to instantiate “Greeting” class. This language
feature allows meta programming, like what we see in Rails.

This time i will use Class Attribute within active support. If you ever run
Rails, you should have it, but you can gem install active_support if you don’t.

1  require 'active_support/core_ext/class/attribute'
2  
3  module Greeting; end
4  
5  class Greeting::Base
6  
7    class_attribute :blocks
8  
9    def hello(name)
10     self.blocks[:greeting].call(name)
11     self.blocks[:hello].call(name)
12   end
13 
14   protected
15   def self.define_greeting(sym, &blk)
16     self.blocks ||= {}
17     self.blocks[sym] = blk
18   end
19 end
20 
21 class Greeting::English < Greeting::Base
22   define_greeting :greeting do |who|
23     puts "Hi #{who}, Ruby will greet you with hello world!"
24   end
25   define_greeting :hello do |who|
26     puts "Hello World, #{who}!"
27   end
28 end
29 
30 class Greeting::Indonesian < Greeting::Base
31   define_greeting :greeting do |who|
32     puts "Halo kakak #{who}, Ruby akan menyapamu dengan Halo Dunia!"
33   end
34   define_greeting :hello do |who|
35     puts "Halo dunia! Salam, #{who}!"
36   end
37 end
38 
39 x = Greeting::English.new
40 x.hello "Fido"
41 # Hi Fido, Ruby will greet you with hello world!
42 # Hello World, Fido!
43 x = Greeting::Indonesian.new
44 x.hello "Fido"
45 # Halo kakak Fido, Ruby akan menyapamu dengan Halo Dunia!
46 # Halo dunia! Salam, Fido!

Previously i want to move the class attribute logic to above code, but after i
see the [8]Active Support code, it is pretty complex, so i just require it : /

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

Previously, i posted [9]this in Reddit

Posted by Mufid Jul 10th, 2016

[10]Tweet

[11]« Using Class with Generics <T> Without the T in C# [12]Cara Googling »

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References:

[1] https://mufid.github.io/blog/
[2] https://mufid.github.io/atom.xml
[5] https://mufid.github.io/blog/
[6] https://mufid.github.io/blog/blog/archives
[7] https://mufid.github.io/blog/2016/ruby-class-evaluation/#disqus_thread
[8] https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/e35b98e6f5c54330245645f2ed40d56c74538902/activesupport/lib/active_support/core_ext/class/attribute.rb
[9] https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammerTIL/comments/4s2vmr/ruby_til_in_ruby_everything_is_evaluated/
[10] http://twitter.com/share
[11] https://mufid.github.io/blog/2016/generic-type-csharp/
[12] https://mufid.github.io/blog/2016/how-to-google/
[13] http://disqus.com/?ref_noscript
[14] http://octopress.org/